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Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
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Aiding Planning in Air Traffic Control: An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Perceptual Information Integration

Peter M. Moertl

University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma

John M. Canning

White Oak Technologies, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland

Scott D. Gronlund

University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma

Michael R. P. Dougherty

University of Maryland College Park, Maryland

Joakim Johansson

Ericsson AB, Stockholm, Sweden

Scott H. Mills

SBC Technology Resources, Inc., Austin, Texas

Prior research examined how controllers plan in their traditional environment and identified various information uncertainties as detriments to planning. A planning aid was designed to reduce this uncertainty by perceptually representing important constraints. This included integrating spatial information on the radar screen with discrete information (planned sequences of air traffic). Previous research reported improved planning performance and decreased workload in the planning aid condition. The purpose of this paper was to determine the source of these performance improvements. Analysis of computer interactions using loglinear modeling showed that the planning interface led to less repetitive - but more integrated - information retrieval compared with the traditional planning environment. Ecological interface design principles helped explain how the integrated information retrieval gave rise to the performance improvements. Actual or potential applications of this research include the design and evaluation of interface automation that keeps users in active control by modification of perceptual task characteristics.

Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Vol. 44, No. 3, 404-412 (2002)
DOI: 10.1518/0018720024497691


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