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Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
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Visually Induced Motion Sickness Predicted by Postural Instability

L. James Smart, Jr.

Miami University, Oxford, Ohio

Thomas A. Stoffregen

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Benoît G. Bardy

University of Paris Sud XI, Orsay, France

We investigated whether postural instability can predict motion sickness and studied relations among instability, motion sickness, and vection. Nine men and 4 women (mean age = 19.85 years) were exposed, while standing, to an optical simulation of body sway. Head motion was recorded using a magnetic tracking system. Postural instabilities were observed prior to the onset of motion sickness. Vection was reported by most participants, including all who became ill. A discriminant analysis revealed that parameters of postural motion accurately predicted motion sickness. The results confirm that postural instability precedes motion sickness and suggest that measures of postural motion may serve as reliable predictors of motion sickness. Potential applications of this research include the development of on-line diagnostic tools that will allow for the prevention of motion sickness in operational and training settings.

Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Vol. 44, No. 3, 451-465 (2002)
DOI: 10.1518/0018720024497745
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J. Dahlman, A. Sjors, J. Lindstrom, T. Ledin, and T. Falkmer
Performance and Autonomic Responses During Motion Sickness
Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, February 1, 2009; 51(1): 56 - 66.
[Abstract] [PDF]